Which of the following best explains the origin of coal and petroleum?
Which of the following best explains the origin of coal and petroleum?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कोयला और पेट्रोलियम की उत्पत्ति को सबसे अच्छी तरह समझाता है?
Detailed Solution & Logic
Fossilisation of plants and animals under high temperature and pressure over millions of years/ मिलियन वर्षों तक उच्च तापमान और दाब में पादपों और जंतुओं का जीवाश्मीकरण
📘 Explanation
Coal and petroleum are fossil fuels formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that lived millions of years ago.
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Dead plants and animals were buried under layers of soil and sediments.
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Over millions of years, high temperature and pressure acted on these remains.
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In the absence of air, they slowly changed into coal, petroleum, and natural gas through a process called fossilisation.
Coal mainly formed from ancient forests, while petroleum and natural gas formed mostly from tiny marine organisms.
📗 व्याख्या
कोयला और पेट्रोलियम जीवाश्म ईंधन (Fossil fuels) हैं, जो करोड़ों वर्ष पहले जीवित पादपों और जंतुओं के अवशेषों से बने हैं।
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मृत पादप और जंतु मिट्टी एवं तलछट की परतों के नीचे दब गए।
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लाखों वर्षों तक उन पर उच्च तापमान और दाब का प्रभाव पड़ा।
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वायु की अनुपस्थिति में ये अवशेष धीरे-धीरे जीवाश्मीकरण (Fossilisation) प्रक्रिया द्वारा कोयला, पेट्रोलियम और प्राकृतिक गैस में बदल गए।
कोयला मुख्यतः प्राचीन वनों से बना, जबकि पेट्रोलियम समुद्री सूक्ष्म जीवों से बना।
⭐ Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य
🔹 Coal is called “buried sunshine” because it stores energy from ancient plants.
🔹 Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources — they take millions of years to form.
🔹 Petroleum is often called “black gold” due to its high economic value.
🔹 भारत में प्रमुख कोयला क्षेत्र झारखंड, ओडिशा और छत्तीसगढ़ में पाए जाते हैं।
🔹 Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, contributing to global warming.
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