Assertion (A): The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam recognizes electronic records as primary evidence.
Read the below statements marked as Assertion(A) and Reason(R) Mark the correct option:
Assertion (A): The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam recognizes electronic records as primary evidence.
Reason (R): Section 62 sates that electronic records are secondary unless accompanied by a printed certificate.
नीचे दिए गए कथनों को अभिकथन (A) और कारण (R) से चिह्नित के रूप में पढ़ें और सही विकल्प का चयन करें।
Assertion (A): भारतीय साक्ष्य अधिनियम इलेक्ट्रॉनिक अभिलेखों को प्राथमिक साक्ष्य के रूप में मान्यता देता है।
Reason (R): धारा 62 में कहा गया है कि इलेक्ट्रॉनिक अभिलेख तब तक द्वितीयक साक्ष्य होते हैं जब तक उनके साथ एक मुद्रित प्रमाणपत्र न हो।
Detailed Solution & Logic
A is true, but R is false/ A सत्य है, लेकिन R असत्य है।
Explanation
The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023 recognizes electronic records as primary evidence, especially when they are produced in original form (like original digital files, servers, etc.).
भारतीय साक्ष्य अधिनियम 2023 के अनुसार इलेक्ट्रॉनिक रिकॉर्ड को प्राथमिक साक्ष्य (Primary Evidence) के रूप में माना जाता है, यदि वह अपने मूल रूप में प्रस्तुत किया जाए।
Reason (R): False ❌
The statement about Section 62 is incorrect. Section 62 deals with primary evidence, not with electronic records being secondary.
Also, electronic records are not always secondary—they can be primary if original.
The requirement of a certificate (like under earlier law Section 65B of the Evidence Act) applies when electronic evidence is submitted as secondary evidence, not always.
धारा 62 के बारे में दिया गया कथन गलत है। यह धारा प्राथमिक साक्ष्य से संबंधित है, न कि इलेक्ट्रॉनिक रिकॉर्ड को द्वितीयक (secondary) बताती है।
इलेक्ट्रॉनिक रिकॉर्ड हमेशा द्वितीयक नहीं होते—यदि वे मूल रूप में हों तो प्राथमिक साक्ष्य होते हैं।
प्रमाणपत्र (certificate) की आवश्यकता केवल तब होती है जब इलेक्ट्रॉनिक साक्ष्य द्वितीयक रूप में प्रस्तुत किया जाए।
⭐ Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य
- Earlier, under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, Section 65B governed electronic evidence.
- The new law modernizes evidence rules to include digital data, emails, CCTV, etc.
- Courts now increasingly rely on digital evidence in criminal and civil cases.
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