Read the below statements – Assertion (A): Financial intermediaries are essential in transmitting monetary policy to the real economy.
Read the below statements marked as Assertion(A) and Reason(R) Mark the correct option:
Assertion (A): Financial intermediaries are essential in transmitting monetary policy to the real economy.
Reason (R): They adjust lending and deposit rates in response to policy rates set by the MPC.
नीचे दिए गए कथनों को अभिकथन (A) और कारण (R) से चिह्नित के रूप में पढ़ें और सही विकल्प का चयन करें।
Assertion (A): वित्तीय मध्यस्थ वास्तविक अर्थव्यवस्था मौद्रिक नीति के संचरण में आवश्यक हैं।
Reason (R): वे MPC द्वारा निर्धारित नीतिगित दरों के अनुसार ऋण और जमा दरों को समायोजित करते हैं।
निम्नलिखित में से सही विकल्प चुनिए:
Detailed Solution & Logic
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A/ A और R दोनों सत्य हैं, तथा R, A की सही व्याख्या है।
👉 Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
👉 A और R दोनों सत्य हैं, तथा R, A की सही व्याख्या है।
✅ Explanation
🔹 Assertion (A): TRUE
Financial intermediaries (like banks, NBFCs, etc.) play a key role in transmitting monetary policy to the real economy.
👉 When the central bank (like Reserve Bank of India) changes policy rates, it does not directly affect people. Instead, it works through intermediaries.
वित्तीय मध्यस्थ (जैसे बैंक, NBFCs) मौद्रिक नीति को वास्तविक अर्थव्यवस्था तक पहुँचाने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं।
🔹 Reason (R): TRUE
Financial intermediaries change their lending and deposit rates based on policy rates decided by the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC).
👉 Example:
- Repo rate ↑ → Loans become costlier
- Repo rate ↓ → Loans become cheaper
वित्तीय मध्यस्थ, MPC द्वारा तय की गई नीति दरों के अनुसार अपने ऋण (loan) और जमा (deposit) दरों को बदलते हैं।
🔗 Why R correctly explains A?
✔ Monetary policy works through a transmission mechanism
✔ Banks adjust interest rates → affects borrowing, spending, investment
✔ This is exactly how policy reaches the real economy
- मौद्रिक नीति सीधे जनता तक नहीं पहुँचती
- बैंक ब्याज दरों में बदलाव करते हैं
- इससे खर्च, निवेश और आर्थिक गतिविधियाँ प्रभावित होती हैं
👉 इसलिए R, A की सही व्याख्या है।
⭐ Extra Facts
🔸 Monetary Policy Tools:
- Repo Rate
- Reverse Repo Rate
- CRR (Cash Reserve Ratio)
- SLR (Statutory Liquidity Ratio)
मौद्रिक नीति के मुख्य उपकरण: रेपो रेट, रिवर्स रेपो रेट, CRR, SLR
🔸 Transmission Channels:
- Interest Rate Channel
- Credit Channel
- Exchange Rate Channel
मौद्रिक नीति के प्रसारण के माध्यम:
- ब्याज दर चैनल
- ऋण चैनल
- विनिमय दर चैनल
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