Which of the following Articles was added by the 42

📘 Explanation / व्याख्या:

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, also known as the “Mini Constitution”, added several important provisions to the Indian Constitution. One of the Articles added by this amendment was Article 31D.

Article 31D empowered Parliament to make laws to prevent or prohibit anti-national activities and associations. It was introduced during the Emergency period (1975–77) under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

However, later the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 repealed (removed) Article 31D.

42वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1976, जिसे “लघु संविधान (Mini Constitution)” भी कहा जाता है, ने संविधान में कई महत्वपूर्ण परिवर्तन किए। इसी संशोधन द्वारा अनुच्छेद 31D जोड़ा गया था।

अनुच्छेद 31D संसद को राष्ट्र-विरोधी गतिविधियों और संगठनों को रोकने के लिए कानून बनाने की शक्ति देता था। इसे आपातकाल (1975–77) के दौरान जोड़ा गया था।

बाद में 44वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1978 द्वारा अनुच्छेद 31D को हटा दिया गया।

🌟 Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य:

1️⃣ Why 42nd Amendment is Important?

• It added Fundamental Duties (Article 51A).

• It changed the Preamble by adding the words:

  • Socialist (समाजवादी)

  • Secular (धर्मनिरपेक्ष)

  • Integrity (अखंडता)

2️⃣ Other Major Changes

• Strengthened the power of Parliament.

• Curtailed (reduced) the powers of the Judiciary.

• Extended the term of Lok Sabha and State Assemblies from 5 to 6 years (later restored by 44th Amendment).

3️⃣ Why Called “Mini Constitution”?

• Because it made the largest number of amendments to the Constitution at one time.

• इसलिए इसे “मिनी संविधान” कहा जाता है।

📌 Quick Revision:

• ❌ Article 31 → Originally part of Constitution (Right to Property, later removed as Fundamental Right).

• ❌ Article 101 → Related to vacation of seats in Parliament.

• ❌ Article 22 → Protection against arrest and detention (original Constitution).

• ✅ Article 31D → Added by 42nd Amendment (1976)