which part of the nervous system is responsible for receiving from external stimuli?
In the context of a reflex arc, which part of the nervous system is responsible for receiving and transmitting signals from external stimuli?
प्रतिवर्ती चाप (Reflex Arc) के संदर्भ में तंत्रिका तंत्र का कौन-सा भाग बाह्य उत्तेजनाओं से संकेत प्राप्त करने और उन्हें संचारित करने के लिए उत्तरदायी होता है?
Detailed Solution & Logic
Sensory neurons/ संवेदी तंत्रिका-कोशिकाएँ
Explanation
In a Reflex arc, the pathway followed by a nerve impulse during a reflex action includes several parts: receptor, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron, and effector.
Sensory neurons are responsible for:
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Receiving signals from external stimuli such as heat, pain, or touch through receptors.
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Transmitting these signals to the spinal cord or brain for further processing.
Thus, they carry the impulse from the sense organ (receptor) to the central nervous system (CNS).
Other options
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Relay neurons – They transmit impulses within the spinal cord between sensory and motor neurons.
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Motor neurons – They carry impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands.
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Effector muscle – It performs the response (like moving the hand away).
व्याख्या
प्रतिवर्ती चाप (Reflex Arc) वह मार्ग है जिसके द्वारा प्रतिवर्ती क्रिया (Reflex Action) के समय तंत्रिका आवेग यात्रा करता है। इसमें मुख्य भाग होते हैं: रिसेप्टर, संवेदी तंत्रिका, रिले तंत्रिका, प्रेरक तंत्रिका और प्रभावक।
संवेदी तंत्रिका-कोशिकाएँ (Sensory Neurons) का कार्य है:
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बाहरी उत्तेजनाओं जैसे स्पर्श, गर्मी, दर्द आदि से संकेत प्राप्त करना।
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इन संकेतों को मस्तिष्क या मेरुरज्जु (Central Nervous System) तक पहुँचाना।
अर्थात ये इंद्रिय अंग से तंत्रिका तंत्र तक संकेत पहुँचाती हैं।
अन्य विकल्प
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रिले तंत्रिका-कोशिकाएँ – मेरुरज्जु के अंदर संवेदी और प्रेरक तंत्रिकाओं को जोड़ती हैं।
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प्रेरक तंत्रिका-कोशिकाएँ – संकेत को CNS से मांसपेशियों या ग्रंथियों तक ले जाती हैं।
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प्रभावक पेशी – अंतिम प्रतिक्रिया (जैसे हाथ हटाना) उत्पन्न करती है।
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