Which of the following instruments is primarily used by the RBI for monetary policy implementation in the post 1991 reform era?
Which of the following instruments is primarily used by the RBI for monetary policy implementation in the post 1991 reform era?
1991 के बाद के सुधार युग में मौद्रिक नीति के कार्यान्वयन के लिए RBI द्वारा मुख्य रूप से किस साधन का उपयोग किया जाता है?
Detailed Solution & Logic
Repo rate/ रेपो दर
📘 Explanation
In the post-1991 economic reform era, the Reserve Bank of India mainly uses the repo rate as a key instrument of monetary policy.
The repo rate is the rate at which the RBI lends money to commercial banks. By increasing or decreasing this rate, RBI controls inflation, liquidity, and economic growth.
1991 के आर्थिक सुधारों के बाद Reserve Bank of India मुख्य रूप से रेपो दर का उपयोग मौद्रिक नीति लागू करने के लिए करता है।
रेपो दर वह ब्याज दर है जिस पर RBI वाणिज्यिक बैंकों को ऋण देता है। इसे बढ़ाकर या घटाकर RBI मुद्रास्फीति, तरलता और आर्थिक विकास को नियंत्रित करता है।
📌 Extra Facts
1. Reverse Repo Rate / रिवर्स रेपो दर:
- Rate at which RBI borrows money from banks.
- वह दर जिस पर RBI बैंकों से पैसा उधार लेता है।
2. Monetary Policy Committee / मौद्रिक नीति समिति:
- Repo rate is decided by the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC).
- रेपो दर का निर्धारण मौद्रिक नीति समिति (MPC) करती है।
3. Liquidity Adjustment Facility / तरलता समायोजन सुविधा:
- Repo and reverse repo are part of LAF.
- रेपो और रिवर्स रेपो LAF का हिस्सा हैं।
4. Impact / प्रभाव:
- Higher repo rate → loans become costly → inflation decreases.
- रेपो दर बढ़ने पर ऋण महंगा होता है → मुद्रास्फीति घटती है।
❌ Why Other Options Are Wrong
- Export incentives: Trade policy tool, not monetary policy
- Tariff rates: Related to imports/exports
- Direct taxes: Part of fiscal policy, not RBI
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