India a Comprehensive Geography by Dr Khullar book PDF for free download for the preparation of UPSC, SSC competitive exams. This pdf cover all the topics in detail with extra facts for coaching of UPSC IAS examination.
Contents of Book :
Introduction
Geological Structure
Physiography
Drainage
Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
Soils
Natural Hazards and Disasters
Environment
Population : General Characteristics
Population Composition
Migration Patterns
Settlements
Regional Development and Planning
Water Resources
Irrigation
Multipurpose Projects
Biotic and Marine Resources
Land Utilization
Agriculture
Green Revolution
Major Crops
Mineral Resources
Energy Resources
Manufacturing Industries
Transport, Communication and Space
Foreign Trade
Tourism
Brief Idea of India Geography
India, the seventh-largest country in the world by land area, is a land of diverse landscapes, cultures, and histories. A comprehensive geography of India explores the nation’s vast and varied topography, climate, natural resources, and socio-economic characteristics.
1. Geographical Extent: India spans approximately 3.3 million square kilometers and is situated in South Asia, sharing borders with Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. The Indian Ocean borders the country to the south.
2. Topography: India boasts a diverse topography, ranging from the towering peaks of the Himalayas in the north to the coastal plains and plateaus in the central and southern regions. The country is home to fertile river valleys, expansive deserts, and dense forests, showcasing the richness of its geographical diversity.
3. Climate: India experiences a wide range of climates, from the freezing temperatures of the Himalayan regions to the tropical climate of the southern coasts. The monsoon, a defining climatic phenomenon, influences rainfall patterns across the subcontinent.
4. Natural Resources: The geography of India has endowed the country with abundant natural resources. Rich soils support agriculture, while mineral deposits contribute to industrial development. The nation is also blessed with diverse flora and fauna, making it a biodiversity hotspot.
5. River Systems: India is crisscrossed by several major river systems, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Yamuna. These rivers not only shape the landscape but also play a crucial role in agriculture and cultural practices.
6. Cultural Landscape: The geographical diversity of India is mirrored in its cultural landscape. Different regions have distinct languages, traditions, and cuisines, contributing to the vibrant mosaic of Indian culture. From the historic monuments of North India to the backwaters of Kerala, each region has a unique identity.
7. Urbanization and Population Distribution: The geography of India influences population distribution and urbanization patterns. While the Gangetic plains are densely populated, mountainous and arid regions have sparser populations. Major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata serve as economic and cultural hubs.
8. Economic Geography: India’s economic activities are influenced by its geography. Agriculture is a significant contributor to the economy, with different regions specializing in various crops. Additionally, industries are clustered in specific areas, contributing to regional economic disparities.
9. Environmental Challenges: Despite its natural beauty, India faces environmental challenges such as deforestation, pollution, and the impact of climate change. Understanding the geography is crucial for addressing these challenges and promoting sustainable development.
Download : India A Comprehensive Geography PDF
Name : India A Comprehensive Geography
Medium : English
Number of pages : 1115
